Chief Seattle:
and the sons of the earth
Commentary
by DICK DORWORTH
Both fans and
critics of the supposed words of Chief Seattle are, in my opinion, a bit
off base.
"Teach
your children what we have taught our children -- that the earth is our
mother. Whatever befalls the earth befalls the sons of the earth. If men
spit upon the ground, they spit upon themselves … We know that
the white man does not understand our ways. One portion of land is the
same to him as the next, for he is a stranger who comes in the night and
takes from the land whatever he needs. The earth is not his brother, but
his enemy, and when he has conquered it, he moves on. He leaves his
fathers' graves behind and he does not care. His fathers' graves and his
children's birthright are forgotten. He treats his mother, the earth,
and his brother, the sky as things to be bought, plundered, sold like
sheep or bright beads. His appetite will devour the earth and leave
behind only desert … What is man without the beasts? If the beasts
were gone, men would die from a great loneliness of spirit. For whatever
happens to the beasts, soon happens to man. All things are
connected."
These
words are well known among the environmental activist community, and
they pop up from time to time in mainstream America. They are attributed
to Chief Seattle, the great leader of the indigenous Suquamish people of
what is now Washington State, and were part of a letter written to
President Franklin Pierce in 1854 and a speech given in 1855 lamenting
the end of his people’s traditional way of life with the arrival of
the voracious and environmentally insensitive European. They are words
of obvious wisdom from the head of a native people who lived on the land
thousands of years before the late arriving white man took it over.
Among environmentalists they are words to live and create land use
policy by. They have the ring of deep truth to them, and, like many who
believe in deep ecology, environmental integrity, large areas of
wilderness, free-running streams free of cow manure and urine, and
national parks without snowmobiles, I am among those who like the
romantic imagery of these words coming from a noble chief of an American
Indian tribe.
The
problem, as most people familiar with Chief Seattle’s speech know by
now, is that Chief Seattle never spoke, much less wrote, those words.
For fans
of Chief Seattle’s speech and its underlying meanings, most of whom
are environmentalists and prone to romanticize the lives of Native
Americans, that is a big problem.
For
critics of Chief Seattle’s speech and its underlying meanings, most of
whom are in logging, ranching, farming, mining, snowmobiles, ORVs, SUVs
and land development and prone to romanticize the lives of modern
Americans, it is evidence of a hoax and the fraudulent premises of
environmentalism.
Both fans
and critics of the supposed words of Chief Seattle are, in my opinion, a
bit off base. While Native Americans certainly kept far better care of
the land we live on than do modern Americans, the environmental movement
does them a disservice to romanticize their lives and put them on an
ecological pedestal from which they will fall or be pulled down by those
foes of environmental ethics who refuse to take responsibility for the
present state of the natural world. While critics of Chief’s Seattle’s
bogus speech/letter are correct in denouncing its inauthentic
attribution, they are disingenuous to pass over the genuine wisdom in
the words, no matter where they originated. Though the Chief never wrote
the President, he did give a speech in 1855. In fact, he gave two
speeches at the Port Elliott Treaty negotiations that year. Dr. Henry
Smith, a physician, took notes at those speeches which he translated
into English and published as a single speech of Chief Seattle in the
Seattle Sunday Star of October 29, 1879. No one knows how accurate Dr.
Smith’s rendition of the Chief’s words is, but it is reasonable to
assume that Smith came as close as he could. We do know that Chief
Seattle was a great leader of his people who tried to live peacefully
with the white man and in harmony with the world, though in younger days
he had been a fierce and intelligent warrior for his tribe.
In 1969,
William Arrowsmith rewrote Smith's version into more modern English, but
the essential content of the speech was unchanged. A couple of years
later, a screenwriter named Ted Perry asked Arrowsmith's permission to
use his version of the speech in a film script he was working on. It was
a film designed to raise people’s awareness of the earth’s ecology.
Perry correctly called the speech he wrote a fiction, but the film
producers did not credit Perry for the writing of Chief Seattle’s
speech, thus beginning a huge misunderstanding that persists today.
Perry’s
fictional speech is what we know today as Chief Seattle’s speech. I
have seen it printed as "Chief Seattle’s Statement On
Ecology." Even though it’s fiction, it’s a worthy statement and
well worth studying and incorporating into an environmental ethic for
America. Just because Chief Seattle didn’t say it doesn’t mean the
speech attributed to him isn’t full of wisdom and deep truths.
Ted Perry’s
statement on ecology, with credit given to William Arrowsmith, Henry
Smith and Chief Seattle, is a beautiful and profound (and practical)
expression of a workable environmental ethic. It should be required
reading for every citizen. Just these few words — "…the
earth is our mother. Whatever befalls the earth befalls the sons of the
earth" — is an environmental ethic to live by.